Racemic epinephrine is a bronchodilator that is usually dispensed as an aerosol spray. It is frequently used to treat symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath and chest tightness—all of which occur with conditions such as asthma, pneumonia, bronchitis, and croup.
When to Use Racemic Epinephrine
Racemic epinephrine is used to temporarily reduce symptoms in the case of an asthma attack or other conditions that present breathing difficulties. As it takes effect, it begins to opens airways and reduce constriction of the muscles along the respiratory tract, which makes breathing less labored for patients.
When to Avoid Racemic Epinephrine
Before using racemic epinephrine, patients should consult the ingredients list to ensure that they will not experience an allergic reaction. Additionally, this product is available by prescription only and should not be taken without express permission from a doctor. Finally, patients who use other medications including droxidopa, fuazolidone, and MAOIs should avoid racemic epinephrine. In some cases, pregnant women can use racemic epinephrine safely, but they should discuss the option with their doctor beforehand.
Administering Racemic Epinephrine
Before taking racemic epinephrine, patients should visually assess the medication. If the product is cloudy or turns a color besides light yellow, it should be discarded immediately. When using this medication, it's important to follow dosing instructions provided by a doctor. If a patient misses a dose, they should take their next scheduled one as soon as possible. If a patient's symptoms do not improve within 20 minutes of taking racemic epinephrine, he or she should seek medical attention immediately.
Side Effects of Racemic Epinephrine
Like most medications, racemic epinephrine comes with the risk of some side effects. The most common ones include dry mouth, headache, loss of appetite, nausea, insomnia, nervousness, and mild shaking in the hands. In more serious cases, side effects include increased breathing difficulties, facial swelling, an increase in heart rate, tightness in the chest, or an outbreak of hives.
Mild side effects generally do not pose a significant health risk to patients, and most will subside quickly. However, patients experiencing the more severe side effects should seek medical attention immediately.
