The Ebola virus, also known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, is a disease that has recently become the center of media, political, and medical attention. While the virus is no doubt a cause for concern, many accounts of it have been misinformed and greatly exaggerated. Here’s a quick look at the actual facts surrounding the virus—including its history, symptoms, and treatment.
The History of Ebola
The first case of Ebola was documented in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 1976. Between then and 2013, roughly 1700 cases were reported. However, the most recent outbreak in West Africa has greatly surpassed the numbers of this 30-year period, with 7000 suspected cases and 3300 deaths.
Symptoms of Ebola
Instead of gradually progressing, symptoms of Ebola typically begin quickly, and are similar to those associated with the flu—including fever, joint pain, fatigue, and headaches. Symptoms usually begin within eight to ten days of contracting the virus, but in some cases they have begun as early as two days or as late as 21. While many people associate Ebola with uncontrollable bleeding from various body parts, this symptom occurs in as little as 40% of cases.
Transmitting Ebola
The virus is spread from person to person via bodily fluids or through contact with contaminated objects, such as needles or clothing. Because of these factors, Ebola is actually considered low-risk when it comes to transmission. Currently there have been no documented cases of the virus being transmitted via the air.
Treating Ebola
There is currently no treatment for Ebola. Instead, recovery focus on helping patients fight off the virus themselves. This includes keeping them hydrated, managing their fever and nausea, and preventing excess bleeding. The current survival rate for Ebola is around 50%, although other mitigating factors, such as access to quality medical care and the state of a patient’s immune system before contracting the disease, may increase the chance for survival.
