Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer and often appears as a pearly or flesh-colored bump, sometimes resembling a scar or sore that won’t heal. While BCC typically develops on sun-exposed areas like the face, neck, and hands, it can show up anywhere.
BCC is usually slow-growing and rarely spreads to other parts of the body, but it can cause significant damage to surrounding tissues if left untreated. People over 45 should be especially vigilant since prolonged sun exposure over the years increases the risk. The good news is that BCC is highly treatable when caught early.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is another common form of skin cancer, usually developing on areas exposed to the sun, such as the face, ears, neck, and hands. It often appears as a firm, red nodule, a flat lesion with a scaly surface, or even a sore that refuses to heal.
Unlike Basal Cell Carcinoma, SCC can grow more aggressively and has the potential to spread to other parts of the body if left untreated. Older people with fair skin or a history of harsh sunburns are at a higher risk. Fortunately, when detected early, SCC is very treatable. Regular skin exams and taking steps to protect your skin from further sun damage are essential in catching SCC before it becomes a bigger problem.
Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer, but it can be treated effectively if caught early. It usually presents as a new mole or a change in an existing one, often showing irregular borders, multiple colors, and an increase in size. Melanomas can appear anywhere on the body, not just in sun-exposed areas.
The "ABCDE" rule—Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, and Evolving—can help you identify potentially worrisome moles. Melanoma can spread to other organs, making it particularly dangerous if not addressed early. Years of sun exposure can increase your risk, but genetic factors also play a role.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma is a rare but aggressive form of skin cancer that often appears as a fast-growing, painless lump. It’s usually red, blue, or purple, and most commonly shows up on sun-exposed areas like the face, neck, or arms. Though it’s less common than other types of skin cancer, Merkel Cell Carcinoma can spread quickly to other parts of the body, making early detection crucial.
Older people with a history of excessive sun exposure or weakened immune systems are at higher risk. While the tumor may seem harmless at first, it can rapidly become a serious issue if not treated promptly. Although it’s rare, Merkel Cell Carcinoma can be life-threatening, and catching it early offers the best chance for successful treatment.
Lymphoma is a type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system but can also affect the skin, known as Cutaneous Lymphoma. It can appear as red or purple patches, scaly skin, or raised bumps that may resemble eczema or psoriasis. These skin changes are often slow to develop but can sometimes be mistaken for less serious conditions, making early detection challenging.
The risk of lymphoma increases with age. If you notice persistent skin issues that don’t respond to typical treatments or new patches that won’t go away, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional. While skin lymphomas are less common than other skin cancers, they can still be serious if left untreated. Catching lymphoma in its early stages through regular skin checks can help ensure prompt treatment and better outcomes.
