Hypothyroidism, which is also known as an underactive thyroid, is a condition that occurs when the thyroid fails to produce enough of triiodothyronine and thyroxine, known as T3 and T4 hormones. In developing countries, an iodine deficiency is usually the culprit behind hypothyroidism. Iodine is needed to make the thyroid hormones. However, in the United States most people obtain a sufficient amount of iodine through the help of iodized salt.
Taking iodine supplements or ingesting more than the recommended intake of iodine does not protect against hypothyroidism and is not an effective hypothyroidism cure. This is why it is difficult to work to directly prevent hypothyroidism. There are some things, however, that you can do to reduce your chances of developing this condition or prevent it from becoming worse.
Manage Autoimmune Diseases
If you have an autoimmune disease, such as lupus or type 1 diabetes, then you will need to make sure that you maintain control over these conditions. People who have autoimmune diseases are more likely to develop hypothyroidism. Having an autoimmune disease can also make it harder for you to manage both conditions.
Discuss Your Risk Factors with Your Doctor
If you have a grandparent or parent with hypothyroidism, then you will be more likely to develop this condition. You are also at an increased risk for developing this condition if you have ever taken anti-thyroid medication or radioactive iodine. Additionally, pregnant women are more likely to develop hypothyroidism. You will need to discuss these risk factors with your doctor.
Recognize the Symptoms
Hypothyroidism is a lot easier to treat if it is managed early. That is why if you notice any strange symptoms you will need to consult with your physician immediately. Weight gain and fatigue are two of the most common signs of hypothyroidism. These symptoms are often attributed to getting older. Other symptoms include hoarseness, heavy or irregular menstrual periods in women, constipation, high cholesterol, increased sensitivity to cold, slowed heart rate and depression. These symptoms have a tendency to get worse if the hypothyroidism is not treated.
Even though hypothyroidism primarily occurs in older people, it can develop in infants and teens. Some of the symptoms of hypothyroidism in babies include jaundice, or yellowing of the skin, a large tongue that protrudes, constipation, a puffy facial appearance, and excessive sleepiness. Teens with have hypothyroidism may experience poor growth, delayed puberty, and poor mental development.
