Neuropathy is a disruption between the nerves and brain. Because the issue occurs in the nerve (or the “peripheral” part of the nervous system), rather than in the brain (the “central” part of the nervous system), it is also referred to as peripheral neuropathy. Different types of nerves (motor, sensory, etc) mean that different types of peripheral neuropathy may appear; additionally, there are quite a variety of causes that can influence the development of neuropathy. Here is a look at the most common of those causes.
External Chemical Factors
Being exposed to certain chemicals and metals may result in inadvertent exposure to poisons that cause neuropathy. On the other hand, excessive drinking often results in a lack of necessary vitamins and minerals through poor food choices. This can lead to a deficiency that causes neuropathy. According to the Mayo Clinic, “B vitamins, including B-1, B-6 and B-12, vitamin E and niacin are crucial to nerve health,” making a deficiency of these especially dangerous to the nerves. Additionally, chemotherapy, among other types of medications like those for seizures or high blood pressure, can also be a cause of nerve damage resulting in peripheral neuropathy.
Internal Factors and Diseases
Certain diseases and conditions can also be a cause of peripheral neuropathy. Diabetes in particular is known for causing damage to the lower legs and feet. In fact, about 50% to 60% of diabetics are battling neuropathy as well. Other diseases that may cause neuropathy include kidney disorders and hypothyroidism.
Inflammatory diseases may cause inflammation of the nerves themselves or nearby tissue. This includes some autoimmune disorders like lupus—the generalized tissue damage resulting from such disorders may also cause nerve issues.
Some hereditary (genetic) disorders, bone marrow diseases, as well as bacterial and viral infections, from Lyme disease to HIV, can also be a cause of peripheral neuropathy through the side effect of attacking nerves.
Tumors and cancers that develop may put pressure on the nerves and surrounding tissue as well. Even noncancerous growths may be dangerous in this respect. Likewise, severe trauma from automobile or sports accidents may damage the nerves sufficiently to result in neuropathy. Even wearing a cast can be dangerous, because of the pressure and limitations of movement.
While the symptoms of neuropathy are treatable, if you are concerned about its development, talk to a doctor about any risk factors you may have and how to prevent the onset of peripheral neuropathy.
